Glossary

  • 4-H Club

    I - 4 - 13

    Organization founded in 1914 that provides after-school programming that focuses on leadership development through community projects; functions under the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA)

    Originally focused on agriculture skills and home economics, and has expanded to include STEM fields

  • 420

    II - 2 - 50

    Slang for cannabis; falsely attributed to the police code for cannabis-related crimes

    Created by group of high school friends in 1971 who regularly ventured to find an abandoned hemp field at 4:20pm after school; one of the friends' fathers worked on the team of The Grateful Dead who adopted the term and helped it reach the mainstream

  • The B-52s

    New wave rock group who had several hits in the 1980s, including "Rock Lobster," "Love Shack," and "Roam"

    Video for Rock Lobster: https://youtu.be/n4QSYx4wVQg?si=bDoPO3OTpPTsoe7H

  • Argot

    I - 9 - 34

    The jargon or slang of a peculiar class, originally that of thieves and rogues

  • Bacchanal

    I - 5 - 22

    "An occasion of drunken revelry; an orgy."

    - Oxford English Dictionary

  • Bambalacha

    II - 3 - 54

    Slang term for cannabis

  • Barbasol

    I - 4 - 14

    American brand of shaving cream, aftershave, and razors; especially popular in the 1930s

  • Barbra Stanwyck

    I - 3 - 8

    Star of stage and screen best known for her films in the 1930s and early 1940s; notable films include Baby Face, The Lady Eve, and Double Indemnity

  • Barney Google

    I - 4 - 14

    Cartoon character from comic strip Barney Google and Snuffy Smith; has google eyes, a moustache, and tophat

  • Benjamin Harrison

    I - 1 - 1

    23rd President of the United States who served from 1889 through 1893; Ohio native who served in the Indiana State Senate

    His presidency is often remembered as unremarkable and mediocre at best

  • Benny Goodman

    I - 4 - 12

    American bandleader popular in the 30s and 40s known as the "King of Swing"

    His band's 1938 concert at Carnegie Hall has been described as "the single most important jazz or popular music concert in history"

    Popular songs include "Sing, Sing, Sing," "Stompin at the Savoy," and "Goody Goody"

  • Cab Calloway

    I - 5 - 15

    Bandleader and jazz singer who regularly performed at the Cotton Club in Harlem; rose to prominence during the swing era

  • Caspar Milquetoast (Casper Milky Toast)

    II - 3 - 57

    Character in the comic strip The Timid Soul that ran from 1925 to 1953; is mild-mannered, obedient to a fault, and is "scared of his own shadow"

  • Celluloid

    II - 4 - 76

    Plastic widely used in manufacturing through the mid-20th Century

  • Charles Darwin

    II - 4 - 76

    19th century biologist best known for his contributions to evolutionary science and the theory of natural selection

  • Charlemagne

    I - 9 - 34

    King and Emperor of several empires in the late 700s and early 800s; historically remembered for uniting Western and Central Europe after the fall of the Roman Empire

  • Communism

    I - 1 - 1

    Political philosophy created by Karl Marx in response to the Industrial Revolution

    Believes in communally owned property and state-controlled food, housing, education, and medical care

    Sees violent revolt against the upper and middle classes as the only way to become a true communist state

  • Denizen

    II - 4 - 60

    "A person who dwells within a country, as opposed to foreigners who dwell outside its limits."

    - Oxford English Dictionary

  • Duke Ellington

    I - 5 - 15

    Jazz composer, pianist, and bandleader whose namesake orchestra rose to fame during their performances at the Cotton Club in the 1920s

  • Earle Albert Rowell

    II - 4 - 60

    Best known as the author of "On the Trail Marihuana: the Weed of Madness," the 1939 piece of anti-cannabis propaganda

  • Eros

    I - 5 - 22

    Greek god of love

  • Fats Waller

    I - 5 - 15

    Popular jazz and swing pianist best known for his songs Ain't Misbehavin' and Honeysuckle Rose

    The 1978 musical Ain't Misbehavin is a tribute musical set to Waller's catalog

  • Federal Bureau of Narcotics

    I - 1 -1

    Agency of the U.S. Department of the Treasury established in 1930 and later dissolved in 1968; passed legislation that heavily influenced the illegality of cannabis, opiates, and heroin

    Made a technical distinction between marijuana and cannabis; cannabis was the plant, and marijuana was the ground substance made from cannabis

  • Fred Astaire

    I - 4 - 14

    Dancer, actor, and singer often regarded as the "greatest popular-music dancer of all time;" was in a notable dancing partnership with Ginger Rogers

    Astaire starred in more than 10 musicals on Broadway and the West End, 31 musical films, four television specials, among other media

  • Green Grow the Lilacs

    I - 1 - 1

    1930's play by Lynn Riggs; became basis for the musical Oklahoma!

    Plot consists of a love triangle between a young woman, a cowboy, and a farmhand, with the farmhand dying by falling on his own knife

    Incorporated folk songs from the 1900s and story ends with an unresolved verdict of a murder trial

  • Henry J. Anslinger

    I - 1 - 1

    First commissioner of the Federal Bureau of Narcotics and an early propagandist of the War on Drugs

    Targeted various immigrant and racial groups to promote marihuana as a means of public harm

    Reefer Madness is loosely based on a story from Anslinger's notorious "Gore Files," a collection of 200 specific instances of crime he linked to marihuana use; 198 of them were found to be falsely attributed

  • Iconography

    II - 4 - 73

    "The description or illustration of any subject by means of drawings or figures; the branch of knowledge which deals with the representation of person or objects by any application of the arts of design"

    - Oxford English Dictionary

  • Id

    I - 9 - 33

    Concept created by pioneering psychoanalyst Sigmund Freud; the unconscious source of bodily needs, wants, impulses, and desires (often aggressive or sexual)

  • Jimmy Cagney

    I - 4 - 14

    Actor and dancer on the stage and screen in the 1930s and 1940s; notable films include The Public Enemy (1931) and Yankee Doodle Dandy (1942)

  • Jujubees

    I - 4 - 11

    Candy created in the early 1700s whose name and origins come from the date-like jujube fruit

    Jujubees now come in a variety of fruit flavors and are still produced today

  • Junior League

    I - 4 - 13

    Nonprofit women's volunteer organization founded in 1901

    Notable alumna include Eleanor Roosevelt, Katherine Hepburn, and Nancy Reagan

  • "Listen to Jesus..." Latin

    I - 7 - 28

    dona eis requiem | let them rest

    numquam fumas cannabis | never smoke cannabis

    suy incendes ibi inferno | you will burn in hell

  • Lou Gehrig

    I - 5 - 18

    Professional baseball player for the Yankees from 1923 to 1939; member of the Baseball Hall of Fame

  • Louis Armstrong (Satchmo)

    I - 4 - 11

    Influential American jazz singer and trumpeter best known for his versions of "What a Wonderful World" and "Hello, Dolly!"

  • Mae West

    I - 3 - 8

    American actress, singer, comedian, screenwriter, and playwright known for her sex symbol status and use of double entendres

  • Marihuana

    I - 1 - 1

    Also spelled marijuana; a catch-all term for cannabis usage with the intent to intoxicate oneself

    Usage began to rise in 1930's due to debate over the drug, later became an "exotic" alternative to 'cannabis;' was often used to associate the substance with the influx of Mexican immigrants to the United States in the early 20th Century

  • Major Bowes

    I - 4 - 13

    Radio personality of the 1930s and 1940s whose radio show, Major Bowes Amateur Hour, ran for 18 years on NBC Radio and CBS Radio

  • Mary Pickford

    II - 2 - 51

    Canadian actress who was known as "America's Sweetheart" in the silent film era; some credit her for defining the ingenue in cinema

  • Mortal Sin

    I - 7 - 26

    Act in Christian theology that is so gravely sinful that if the sinner does not repent before death, sends them straight to hell

  • Muggle

    II - 4 - 62

    Slang for cannabis or a joint

  • Plague

    I - 3 - 7

    "A particular affliction, calamity, or evil, ... interpreted as a sign of divine anger or justice, or as divine punishment or retribution"

    - Oxford English Dictionary

  • Savoy Stomp

    I - 5 - 15

    Derivative of the 1933 jazz standard "Stompin' at the Savoy;" named after Harlem's Savoy Ballroom

  • Socialism

    I - 1 - 2

    Political philosophy created in the early 19th century as a response to the Industrial Revolution

    Believes in individually owned property with a democratically elected government overseeing the "means of production," or the system and industries that greatly contributes to national wealth

    Seeks to be adopted through reform and changes made to existing systems of government

  • Satyr

    I - 5 - 22

    "Mythical beings [in] classical Greek and Roman times believed to be gods or semi-divine, and having a partly human and partly bestial (usually goat-like) form

  • Shroud of Turin

    I - 7 - 28

    Linen cloth with a faint image of a man believed to be Jesus Christ; in Catholicism believed to be the burial shroud used after Jesus' crucifixion

  • Sigmund Freud

    II - 4 - 76

    Austrian neurologist of the 1890s and founder of psychoanalysis; well-known concepts include the id/ego/super-ego relationship, the Oedipus complex, and dream analysis

  • Sinsemilla

    I - 7 - 29

    Strain of cannabis containing a condensed concentration of THC and CBD

  • Stigmata

    I - 8 - 30

    Catholic terminology for wounds inflicted on Jesus as a result of his crucifixion (hands, wrists, feet, heart, and head)

  • Transubstantiation

    I - 7 - 26

    Catholic doctrine where physical bread and wine is transformed into the spiritual representation of the body and blood of Jesus Christ through prayer

  • Thriller

    Michael Jackson's hit single from the album of the same name that gained notoriety from the iconic choreography in its music video: https://youtu.be/sOnqjkJTMaA?si=ZPvS3jk454X-hFV2

  • Tommy Dorsey

    I - 4 - 11

    Jazz trombonist, composer, and bandleader known as the "Sentimental Gentleman of Swing"

    Notable songs include "I'm Getting Sentimental Over You" and "I'll Never Smile Again"

  • Typhoid

    II - 4 - 75

    Also known as Typhoid Fever; infection caused by the consumpiton of salmonella bacteria

    Rare in the United States

  • William Randolph Hearst

    I - 2 - 5

    American newspaper publisher and politician; founder of Hearst Communications

    Historically known for his tendency to sensationalize stories and use of yellow journalism, using exaggerated headlines and unverified claims while often taking a political stance

    Worked with Henry J. Anslinger to ban the use of hemp as it was being made into paper and it threatened Hearst's paper mills; growing hemp would become illegal in the U.S. for over a century

  • Victory Garden

    I - 3 - 7

    Also known as "war gardens;" fruit, vegetable, and herb gardens in private residences and public gardens in World Wars I and II

    Created with the intent to support wartime rations and boost morale

  • Whoreography

    noun

    Doing choreography like that of a whore

    "Figure out your whoreography." - DJ Gray